社区老年人生活空间水平现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2023.07.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查合肥市社区老年人生活空间水平的现况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法于2022年2—8月抽取合肥市6个社区1 288名老年人为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、害怕跌倒评估、汉化版生活空间测评量表（LSA-C）、简易衰弱量表（FRAIL）、中文版老年抑郁量表（GDS-30）进行调查。结果社区老年人生活空间总分为（63.54±20.83）分,526名（40.8%）老年人存在生活空间受限。多元线性回归结果显示：年龄、性别、共病数量、有无久坐爱好、害怕跌倒、抑郁程度、衰弱状态是社区老年人生活空间水平的影响因素（均P<0.05）,共解释总变异的50.9%。结论社区老年人生活空间处于中等水平,且生活空间受限发生率较高。建议社区医务人员重点关注高龄、女性老人、共病数量多、有久坐爱好、害怕跌倒、抑郁及衰弱老年人的生活空间状况,并制定针对性干预策略以扩大老人生活空间、提高晚年生活质量。

关键词: 老年人, 社区, 生活空间, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the life space level of community elderly people in Hefei and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1,288 elderly people from 6 communities in Hefei city were selected by convenient sampling from February to August 2022. The elderly people were investigated by using general information questionnaire, Fear of Falling Assessment, Chinese Version of Life Space Assessment Scale (LSA-C), Simple Frailty Scale (FRAIL) and Chinese Version of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30). Results The total score of life space of the elderly was 63.54±20.83, and 526 (40.8%) of the elderly had life space constriction. Multiple linear regression showed that age, sex, number of comorbidities, with sedentary lifestyle or not, fear of falling, degree of depression, and frailty were the influencing factors of the life space level of the elderly in the community (P<0.05), explaining 50.9% of the total variation. Conclusion The life space of the elderly in the community is at a medium level, and the incidence of life space constriction is high. It is recommended that community medical staff focus on the life space level of the elderly people who are older, females, with a great number of comorbidities, with sedentary lifestyle, afraid of falling, depressed and weak. Targeted intervention strategies to expand the life space should be considered to improve the quality of life of elderly people.

Key words: elderly people, community, life space, influencing factor

中图分类号:

R473.2

任影, 于卫华, 张利, 郑俊俊, 邓曼, 杨侠, 张雨溪. 社区老年人生活空间水平现状及影响因素分析[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(7): 11-15.

REN Ying, YU Wei-hua, ZHANG Li, ZHENG Jun-jun, DENG Man, YANG Xia, ZHANG Yu-xi. Current status of life space level of community elderly people and its influencing factors[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2023, 30(7): 11-15.

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