护理学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (14): 26-30.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.14.026
抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎医护人员创伤后应激障碍的评估和干预进展
张冬梅1, 张林1, 黄安乐1, 周志庆2, 刘欢2
- 1.皖南医学院 护理学院,安徽 芜湖 241002;
2.皖南医学院第一附属医院,安徽 芜湖 241002
摘要： 目的 对抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎（以下简称新冠肺炎）医护人员的创伤后应激障碍（posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD）的评估工具、干预措施进行综述,以提高医护人员对PTSD认知,为早期识别和开展干预工作提供依据。方法 检索国内外相关文献,围绕PTSD的概念、评估工具及干预措施进行分析和总结归纳。结果 PTSD包括创伤记忆侵入、躲避创伤相关刺激、认知和情绪发生消极改变、唤醒增强和行为过激等4大症状群;PTSD自评量表、初级 PTSD 筛查量表及事件影响量表等自评式测评工具,具有结构简单、可操作性强等特点,已被广泛应用各类人群的PTSD 筛查;对抗疫医护人员PTSD主要采用工作场所干预和基于移动应用程序的远程干预2大模式,主要措施为提高心理弹性的普适性干预和针对个人心理问题的个性化干预。结论 依据第5版精神障碍诊断与统计手册修订的PTSD自评量表和初级 PTSD 筛查量表有利于提高诊断识别的全面性和异质性,而其他评估工具尚需结合新的诊断标准进行更新。干预措施有利于提高医护人员的身心健康和稳定医疗保健系统,未来仍需进一步开展相关措施的应用研究。
中图分类号:
- R563.1
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