社会网络在智能手机使用与老年人孤独感的因果中介作用

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2024.20.045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究我国老年人智能手机使用对其孤独感的影响,并分析社会网络（家庭网络、朋友网络）在两者之间关联的作用机制。方法基于2018年中国老年社会追踪调查截面数据,筛选出符合标准的有效样本为8 202个,采用倾向值匹配法和因果中介分析方法探讨老年人智能手机使用、社会网络、孤独感三者之间独立和联合的关系。结果仅有2 099名（25.59%）老年人使用智能手机;老年人孤独感总分为（4.48±1.58）分,家庭网络、朋友网络总分分别为（7.37±2.80）分和（6.39±3.20）分。控制混淆因素后,模型结果显示使用智能手机能够显著降低老年人的孤独感（ATT=-0.377,P<0.001）。进一步的因果中介分析发现,智能手机使用与家庭网络和朋友网络得分呈正相关（β=0.460、0.778,均P<0.001）;家庭网络和朋友网络得分均与孤独感呈负相关（β=-0.181、-0.189,均P<0.001）。家庭网络与朋友网络均在智能手机使用对老年人孤独感的抑制效应中起到了因果中介作用,分别占到了总效应的15.35%与12.10%。结论中国老年人智能手机使用率较低,智能手机使用能够通过家庭网络和朋友网络的因果中介机制实现对老年人孤独感的处理效应,提示可以从鼓励老年人使用智能手机入手,通过移动社交软件扩大和巩固家庭和朋友网络缓解老年人孤独感,从而最大限度地发挥智能手机使用在“熟人社会”中的孤独感抑制作用。

关键词: 智能手机使用, 家庭网络, 朋友网络, 孤独感, 老年人

Abstract: Objective To explore the impact of smartphone utilization on the sense of loneliness among elderly people in China, and to clarify the mediating role of social network, especially family and friend network between smartphone usage and loneliness. Methods A total of 8,202 samples that met the criteria based on the data from The China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) (2018) were selected. Propensity-score matching and causal-mediation analysis were utilized to explore the independent and joint relationship among smartphone usage, social network, and loneliness among the elderly. Results A total of 2,099 older adults (25.59%) were identified as smartphone users. The total score of loneliness in older adults was 4.48±1.58, that of family and friend network was 7.37±2.80 and 6.39±3.20, respectively. After controlling for potential confounding variables, the model indicated that the utilization of smartphone was significantly correlated with a decrease in loneliness among older adults (ATT=-0.377, P<0.001). Further causal mediation analysis revealed positive correlation between smartphone usage and the scores of both family and friend network (β=0.460, 0.778, both P<0.001). Conversely, the score of family and friend network was negatively correlated with loneliness (β=-0.181, -0.189, both P<0.001). Both family network and friend network played a causal mediating role in the inhibitory effect of smartphone usage on loneliness in older adults, accounting for 15.35% and 12.10% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion The rate of smartphone usage among Chinese older adults is relatively low. Smartphone usage can achieve the processing effect on older adults' loneliness through the causal mediating mechanism of expanding family and friend network via smartphone and mobile social software. Encouraging older adults to use smartphones and expanding and consolidating family and friend network through mobile social software should be considered to alleviate their loneliness, so as to maximize the inhibition effect of smartphone usage on loneliness in an acquaintance-based society.

Key words: smartphone usage, family network, friend network, loneliness, older adult

中图分类号:

R473.2

李明哲, 田一川, 王成龙, 王晶晶. 社会网络在智能手机使用与老年人孤独感的因果中介作用[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(20): 45-49.

LI Ming-zhe, TIAN Yi-chuan, WANG Cheng-long, WANG Jing-jing. Causal mediating effect of social network in relationship between smartphone usage and loneliness in older adults[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2024, 31(20): 45-49.

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