老年人社会参与能力的潜在剖面分析及其对衰弱的影响

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2024.12.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解老年人社会参与能力的潜在剖面特征,分析老年人社会参与能力不同剖面间的特征差异,并探讨不同社会参与能力剖面对老年人衰弱的影响,为制定相应措施以促进积极老龄化提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查表、老年人能力评估（MZ/T039-2013）、Tilburg衰弱问卷、社会支持评定量表对陕西省3所社区卫生服务中心接受义务健康体检的308名老年人进行调查。应用Mplus 8.3进行潜在剖面分析,并采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨不同剖面的影响因素。结果 308名老年人中,44.8%社会参与能力受损。通过潜在剖面分析,老年人社会参与能力可分为高社会参与能力组（91.6%）和低社会参与能力组（8.4%）2个类别,其中年龄、疾病数量和社会支持水平是老年人社会参与能力潜在剖面的影响因素。低社会参与能力组老年人衰弱得分更高。结论老年人社会参与能力存在明显的分类特征,可针对不同类别特征实施个体化干预,应重点关注高龄、患病、低社会支持的老年人,提升此类老年人社会参与能力,且低社会参与能力与老年人衰弱显著相关,可考虑将提高社会参与能力作为新的切入点来改善老年人衰弱情况。

关键词: 老年人, 社会参与能力, 潜在剖面分析, 衰弱

Abstract: Objective To understand the potential profile characteristics of social participation ability of elderly people, to analyze the characteristics differences between different profiles of social participation ability, and explore the influence of different social participation ability profiles on the elderly’s frailty, so as to provide reference for formulating corresponding measures to promote active aging. Method A total of 308 elderly people who received physical examination in three community health service centers in Shaanxi Province were investigated by using a General Information Questionnaire, Capacity Assessment of the Elderly (MZ/T039-2013), Tilburg Debility Questionnaire and Social Support Rating Scale. Mplus 8.3 was used to analyze the potential profile, and the influencing factors of different profiles were analyzed using binary Logistic regression analysis. Results Among 308 elderly people, 44.8% had impaired social participation. Through the analysis of the potential profile, social participation ability of the elderly can be divided into high social participation ability group (91.6%) and low social participation ability group (8.4%). Age, the number of diseases and the level of social support were the influencing factors of the potential profile of social participation ability of the elderly. The elderly with low social participation ability scored higher in frailty. Conclusion Social participation ability of the elderly has obvious classification characteristics, so individual intervention can be carried out according to different categories. We should focus on the elderly with advanced age, being sick or having low social support, and improve their social participation ability. Moreover, low social participation ability is significantly related to the frailty of the elderly, so improving social participation ability should be considered as a new starting point to improve the frailty of the elderly.

Key words: aged people, social participation ability, latent profile analysis, frailty

中图分类号:

R473.2

. 老年人社会参与能力的潜在剖面分析及其对衰弱的影响[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(12): 1-6.

WANG Pei, GAO Hui, ZHANG Li-hua, ZHANG Lan-fang, YANG Hao-shuang, ZHANG Yin-ling. Potential profile analysis of social participation ability of elderly people and its influence on frailty[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2024, 31(12): 1-6.

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