相关领域专家对居家环境适老化改造看法与建议的质性研究

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.19.056

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解相关领域专家对居家环境适老化改造的看法与建议,为我国居家环境适老化改造的实践研究提供参考依据。方法采用立意抽样法,于2021年8月—2022年3月邀请来自全国6个省市的居家环境适老化改造领域的专家共20名作为受访者。采用描述性现象学研究方法,对受访者进行面对面半结构式深度访谈。通过Colaizzi七步资料分析法分析访谈资料,提炼主题。结果共提炼出4个主题：（1）开展居家环境适老化改造是医患双方共同的迫切需求;（2）前期精准评估是居家环境适老化改造的核心内容;（3）居家环境适老化改造的发展瓶颈日益凸显;（4）智能家居适老化改造助力居家养老。结论前期精准评估和制约适老化发展瓶颈的改进策略是居家环境适老化改造的重点。建议以老年人需求为导向,组建多学科联合的专业评估团队,实现居家环境适老化改造体系标准化,智能技术助力居家养老等,推动居家环境适老化改造工作顺利开展。

关键词: 居家环境, 居家养老, 适老化改造, 医务人员, 建筑设计, 质性研究

Abstract: Objective To understand expert opinions on and suggestions of aging friendly home environment renovation, and to provide reference for practical research on aging friendly home environment renovation in China. Methods The purposive sampling method was adopted. From August 2021 to March 2022, 20 experts in the field of aging friendly home environment renovation from 6 provinces and municipalities were invited for face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews with descriptive phenomenology. Colaizzi's seven-step data analysis method was used to analyze the interview data and refine the theme. Results Four themes were extracted: (1) urgent need of both doctors and patients to carry out aging friendly home environment renovation; (2) early precise assessment as the core content of aging friendly home environment renovation; (3) increasingly prominent development bottleneck of aging friendly home environment renovation; (4) aging friendly home environment renovation with smart devices contributing to home-based care. Conclusion Early precise assessment and strategies to break the development bottleneck are the focus of aging friendly home environment renovation. It is suggested that a multidisciplinary professional assessment team should be set up based on the needs of the elderly to realize the standardization of aging friendly home environment renovation system and home environment renovation with smart devices, so as to promote the implementation of aging friendly home environment renovation.

Key words: home environment, home-based care for the aged, aging friendly renovation, medical staff, architecture design, qualitative study

中图分类号:

王亚菲, 田敏, 刘峰, 潘宁, 柳云, 李新. 相关领域专家对居家环境适老化改造看法与建议的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(19): 56-61.

WANG Ya-fei, TIAN Min, LIU Feng, PAN Ning, LIU Yun, LI Xin. Expert Opinions on and Suggestions of Aging Friendly Renovation of Home Environment: A Qualitative Research[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(19): 56-61.

参考文献

[1] Vanleerberghe P, Witte N, Claes C, et al.The Quality of Life of Older People Aging in Place: A Literature Review[J]. Qual Life Res,2017, 26(11):2899-2907.DOI:10.1007/s11136-017-1651-0.
[2] U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Measuring the Costs and Savings of Aging in Place[EB/OL]. (2015-12-14) [2022-03-30]. http://www.huduser.gov/portal/periodicals/em/fall13/highlight2.html.
[3] 马晓雯, 杜佳敏, 谢红. 基于居家养老服务的适老化改造研究进展[J]. 中国护理管理,2016,16(12):1708-1712. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2016.12.026.
[4] 陈玲, 史玉华. 居家老年人养老服务供给、需求及影响因素[J]. 国际护理学杂志, 2022, 41(4):589-593. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn221370-20200705-00154.
[5] 张泱. 老年脑卒中患者居家环境改造认知与需求的调查研究[D]. 南京: 南京中医药大学, 2019. DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2019.01.001.
[6] Wirihana L, Welch A, Williamson M, et al.Using Colaizzi's Method of Data Analysis to Explore the Experiences of Nurse Academics Teaching on Satellite Campuses[J]. Nurse Res, 2018, 25(4):30-34. DOI:10.7748/nr.2018.e1516.
[7] 罗丹. 旧住宅区公共空间适老化改造支付意愿影响因素研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2019.DOI:10.27670/d.cnki.gcqdu.2019.003446.
[8] 张泱, 陈湘玉, 陈璐, 等. 老年脑卒中患者对居家环境改造认知与需求的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2019, 26(1):1-4. DOI: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2019.01.001.
[9] 王峥, 许超. 23省“健康规划纲要”中的老龄政策分析——健康老龄化视域下的Nvivo质性研究[J]. 中国卫生政策研究,2021,14(12):8-15.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-2982.2021.12.002.
[10] Swenor BK, Yonge AV, Goldhammer V, et al.Evaluation of the Home Environment Assessment for the Visually Impaired (HEAVI): an Instrument Designed to Quantify Fall-related Hazards in the Visually Impaired[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2016, 16(1):214. DOI:10.1186/s12877-016-0391-2.
[11] Joyita, Banerjee, Sujata, et al. A Short Geriatric Assessment Tool for the Older Person with Cancer in India-development and Psychometric Validation[J].J Geriatr Oncol, 2019,10(2): 222-228. DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2018.09.001.
[12] 李灏萌. 基于介助老人需求的养老社区康复性景观设计研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2020. DOI:10.26991/d.cnki.gdllu.2020.000963.
[13] 江谢家宏. 居家养老住房适老化改造需求研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学,2019. DOI: 10.27266/d.cnki.gqhau.2019.000317.
[14] Rosenwohl-Mack A, Schumacher K, Fang ML, et al.Experiences of Aging in Place in the United States: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-ethnography of Qualitative Studies[J]. Syst Rev, 2018,7(1):155. DOI:10.1186/s13643-018-0820-8.
[15] Stevens JA, Robin L.The Potential to Reduce Falls and Avert Costs by Clinically Managing Fall Risk[J].Am J Prev Med,2018,55(3):290-297.DOI:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.035.
[16] Extended Home Living Services (EHLS).CASPAR Overview [EB/OL]. (2015-11-05) [2022-03-30]. http://ehls.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/CASPAROverview.Pdf.
[17] 王蓉蓉, 肖明朝, 赵庆华, 等. 老年人长期照护需求评估研究现状[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2020, 40(12):2671-2675. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2020.12.063.
[18] 马晓雯, 谢红. 国外居家环境适老化评估工具介绍及其对我国的启示[J]. 中国护理管理, 2016, 16(3): 381-385. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2016.03.024.
[19] 李晓华, 张艳, 田雨同, 等. 河南北部农村老年人居家环境适老化水平的调查研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2022, 22(3):225-228. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-315x.2022.03.015.
[20] MD Keall, Pierse N, Howden-Chapman P, et al.Cost-benefit Analysis of Fall Injuries Prevented by a Programme of Home Modifications: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial[J].Inj Prev, 2017,23(1):22-26.DOI:10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041947.
[21] Kim KI, Gollamudi SS, Steinhubl S.Digital Technology to Enable Aging in Place[J]. Exp Gerontol, 2017, 2(88):25-31. DOI:10.1016/j.exger.2016.11.013.

相关文章 15

[1]	刘慧, 郭丽蕊, 陈秋香, 刘春英, 贺娟凤, 吴小佳. 急性脑卒中患者入院时迁移应激的现象学研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(8): 75-78.
[2]	朱金凤, 方莹莹, 王芳, 袁萍, 陈璐. 脑卒中幸存者运动依从性影响因素质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(8): 7-13.
[3]	田云伟, 李善玲, 田文雯, 李维果, 邵琴. 护理人员接近失误事件认知的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(7): 32-35.
[4]	张慧超, 王楠楠, 张玉玺. 安宁疗护护士情感劳动经历质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(6): 37-43.
[5]	付艳芬, 王春青, 胡雁. 证据临床转化中障碍因素和促进因素的内容分析[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(5): 64-68.
[6]	钱湛, 杨晓婷, 耿可, 林觐民. 失独父母生活体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(5): 57-63.
[7]	吕静敏, 柳家贤, 李柳锦, 宋亚兰. 肿瘤科护士对灵性照护认知及实施态度的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(4): 69-73.
[8]	李丹, 冯兰棱, 樊落, 李琳, 朱伟, 郝雅茹. 护士对患者死亡认知与体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(4): 34-39.
[9]	严雪, 刘倩倩, 魏思琪. 妇科癌症患者社会疏离影响因素的质性研究Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(20): 39-43.
[10]	张会敏, 孙晓晨, 马红梅. 年轻癌症患者生育忧虑心理体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(2): 51-56.
[11]	何秋, 何瑛, 李贵妃, 陈小玲, 李丽君, 王瑶, 刘婕, 马丹, 刘倩. 社区老年人对陪护机器人使用意愿的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(19): 6-10.
[12]	雷雪姣, 倪翠萍, 李志文, 张晓微, 张迎春, 潘颖丽. 肥胖症患者减重代谢术后心理体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(19): 41-46.
[13]	党桂宁, 徐宁君, 周瑾, 翟惠敏. 护理人员对开设中医护理门诊认知及态度的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(18): 23-26.
[14]	孙亚君, 王忠祥, 殷月, 李佳克, 王培席, 张红梅. 植入型心律转复除颤器患者体验的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(17): 33-37.
[15]	孙彩杰, 占婷婷, 王丽丽, 王燕, 王竟成, 董婷. 肝豆状核变性患者婚育观念的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(17): 57-59.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared