精神科护士的道德敏感性现状及其影响因素

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2023.16.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解精神科护士的道德敏感性现状,分析其影响因素,并为相关研究提供参考。方法采用便利抽样,选择湖南省4所三级甲等医院的458名精神科护士作为研究对象,采用中文版道德敏感性问卷、人文关怀能力量表及中文版杰弗逊共情量表进行横断面调查。结果本研究结果精神科护士道德敏感性问卷总分为（39.29±6.05）分,条目均分为（4.32±0.67）;精神科护士道德敏感性问卷总分与人文关怀能力总分呈正相关（r=0.426,P<0.01）,与共情总分呈正相关（r=0.621,P<0.01）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、工作年限、医院是否培训伦理道德相关知识、是否主动学习伦理道德相关知识及观看视频、人文关怀能力总分及共情能力总分为影响其伦理敏感性的主要因素（P<0.05）。结论精神科护士道德敏感性位于中等偏高水平,其护士道德敏感性受年龄、工作年限、医院是否培训伦理道德相关知识、是否主动学习伦理道德相关知识及观看视频、人文关怀能力及共情能力水平影响,但仍具有一定的改进潜力,医院管理者应该营造浓厚的道德氛围,加强精神科护士的共情能力,创建一种以患者为中心的人文关怀护理,以提高护士的道德敏感性。

关键词: 精神科护士, 道德敏感性, 共情能力, 人文关怀能力

Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of moral sensitivity among psychiatric nurses, to analyze it influencing factors, and to provide reference for future research. Method Convenience sampling was used to select 458 psychiatric nurses from four tertiary grade-A hospitals in Hunan Province, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Chinese version of the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, the Caring Ability Inventory, and the Chinese version of the Jeffersonian Empathy Scale. Results The total score of Chinese version of the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire was 39.29±6.05, and the mean score of the entries was 4.32±0.67; the total score of Chinese version of the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire was positively correlated with the total score of Caring Ability Inventory (r=0.426, P<0.01), and with the total score of empathy (r=0.621, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, years of work experience, with ethics-related knowledge provided by the hospital or not, whether acquiring ethics-related knowledge and watch videos actively, the total score of humanistic caring competence, and the total score of empathy competence were the main factors affecting moral sensitivity (P<0.05). Conclusion The moral sensitivity of psychiatric nurses is at a moderately high level, and is affected by age, years of work experience, with ethics-related knowledge provided by the hospital or not, whether acquiring ethics-related knowledge and watch videos actively, and humanistic caring ability and empathic ability. Moral sensitivity still needs to be improved, and the hospital administrators should create a strong ethical and patient-centered humanistic caring atmosphere, and strengthen the empathic ability of psychiatric nurses, so as to improve the moral sensitivity of the nurses.

Key words: psychiatric nurses, moral sensitivity, empathy, humanistic care

中图分类号:

R473.74

何富容, 李梅枝, 龚沙, 张紫燕, 蒋小剑. 精神科护士的道德敏感性现状及其影响因素[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(16): 19-23.

HE Fu-rong, LI Mei-Zhi, GONG Sha, ZHANG Zi-yan, JIANG Xiao-jian. Current status of moral sensitivity of psychiatric nurses and its influencing factors[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2023, 30(16): 19-23.

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