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J4  2007, Vol. 4 Issue (2): 163-    DOI:
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在弹性需求和物品易变质条件下数量折扣定价模型
覃毅延, 郭崇慧
1. 大连理工大学运筹学与管理科学研究所;2. 广西民族大学数学与计算机科学学院
Discount Pricing Model for Easy-Deteriorated Items under Elastic Demand
 QIN Yi-Yan, GUO Chong-Hui
1.Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China;2.Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China

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摘要 

研究在弹性需求和易变质物品条件下,当供应商和零售商独自决策时,供应商如何确定最优数量折扣问题。基于Stackelberg博奕建立了数学模型,证明了零售商的出售价格随供应商出售价格的降低而降低,从而需求量增大。当供应商给予价格折扣时,零售商的利润是增加的。在此基础上,给出了最优数量折扣的计算方法。对供应商和零售商单独决策时,供应商利用数量折扣对供应链进行协调产生的系统利润与供应商和零售商联合决策时的系统利润做了数值分析和比较。结果表明,供应商采用数量折扣的方法使供应链协调是有效的;价格折扣随价格敏感系数的增大而增大,随变质率的增大而减小。

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关键词 数量折扣协调易变质物品库存供应链管理    
Abstract

Quantity discounts used as a coordination mechanism to achieve the profitability and cost effective of supply chain has been studied for years, but the discounts of easy-deteriorated items have been paid little attention to. The problem was studied of how a supplier develops an optimal discount pricing structure for easydeteriorated items with price-sensitive demand when the supplier and the buyer make their decisions independently. On the basis of Stackelberg game, a mathematical model was built, in which a supplier acted as the leader by announcing his pricing policy to the buyer in advance and the buyer did as the follower by determining his unit selling price and the sales volume per unit time was determined. It was shown that when the supplier determined the quantity discounts, the supplier and the buyer's profit increased. The sensitivity was analyzed through numerical examples.  The results show that quantity discounts increase as the pricesensitive parameter increases and decrease as deterioration rate increase. The profit gained when the supplier and buyer work independently was compared with the profit when they work jointly, showing that the quantity discounts are effective.

Key wordsquantity discounts    coordination    easy-deteriorated items    inventory    supply chain management   
收稿日期: 2006-04-24     
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目(10071010)

通讯作者: 覃毅延(1970~),男,广西桂林人。大连理工大学(大连市 116024)运筹学与管理科学研究所博士研究生。广西民族大学(南宁市 530006)数学与计算机科学学院讲师。研究方向为供应链建模与优化。   
引用本文:   
覃毅延, 郭崇慧. 在弹性需求和物品易变质条件下数量折扣定价模型[J]. J4, 2007, 4(2): 163-. QIN Yi-Yan, GUO Chong-Hui. Discount Pricing Model for Easy-Deteriorated Items under Elastic Demand. J4, 2007, 4(2): 163-.
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