以质量求发展，以服务铸品牌

Journal of Nursing ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1-6.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.08.001

    Next Articles

Construction of Evaluation System for Needs of Social Support for Left-behind Elderly in Rural Based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

KANG Yan-nan, WEI Wen-tong, WANG Rui-rui, ZHANG Chun-mei, LIU Yan-hui   

  1. School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Received:2021-12-20 Online:2022-04-25 Published:2022-05-11

PDF (PC)

236

Like

Abstract: Objective To construct a social support need assessment system for the left-behind elderly in rural, and provide a basis for scientifically evaluating the status of the social support needs of the left-behind elderly. Methods Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, used literature research, focus groups, and the Delphi method to establish a rural left-behind elderly social support needs assessment system, two rounds of expert consultation were conducted with 14 experts from March 2020 to July 2020 and applied SPSS 23.0 calculates expert positive coefficient, authority coefficient and coordination coefficient. After group discussion, the items are modified, and Yaahp was used to determine the weights and combination weight of indicators at all levels. Results The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert letter inquiries were 100% and 93%, the expert authority coefficients were 0.797 and 0.810, and expert Kendall's W coefficient for 2 rounds were 0.236~0.529 (both P<0.001). The final evaluation indicators for the social support needs of the left-behind elderly in rural areas include 5 first-level indicators, 11 second-level indicators, and 56 third-level indicators.The weights of the five first-level indicators were 0.315, 0.315, 0.118, 0.192 and 0.060 respectively. Conclusion The assessment indicators in the study were scientific and reliable. It could be used to determine the social support needs of left-behind elderly in rural areas, to build a targeted social support system and provide references for the construction of elderly care services.

Key words: rural, left-behind elderly, social support, need, indicator system, Delphi technique

CLC Number: 

  • R473.2
[1] 国家统计局.第七次全国人口普查公报(第五号)[R/OL]. (2021-05-11)[2021-10-03]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/202106/t20210628_1818824.html
[2] 党俊武. 老龄蓝皮书:中国城乡老年人生活状况调查报告(2018)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2018:1-2.
[3] 魏利娇,李晨阳,曹玉迪,等. 农村留守老人生命质量[J].中国老年学杂志,2019, 39(1):230-233.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2019.01.078.
[4] 盛昕. 新时期我国养老服务体系建设存在的问题与完善路径[J].学术交流,2018,34(10):125-131. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-8284.2018.10.016.
[5] 孙薇薇,石丹妮.社会支持的影响机制与农村老年心理健康[J]. 社会学评论,2020,8(4):77-87.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-5154.2020.04.006.
[6] 魏国芳,曹梅娟.杭州市某农村城市化社区空巢老人生活质量现状及影响因素研究[J].护理学报,2015, 22(11):1-6. DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2015.11.001.
[7] 张帆,朱树贞,邓平基.领悟社会支持量表在国内住院病人社会支持研究中的应用评价[J].护理研究, 2018,32(13):2048-2052. DOI:10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2018.13.015.
[8] 陈习琼,林登凯.滇东北农村留守老人社会支持的影响因素及对策[J].中国老年学杂志,2017,37(11):2826-2828. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2017.11.101.
[9] 王孟妮,赵明利,韩梦丹,等.养老机构老年人家庭支持需求问卷的编制与信效度检验[J].护理学杂志,2020,35(19):81-84. DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2020.19.081.
[10] 林琴,张文,孙坤,等.成都市社区居家老年人医养结合服务需求现状及其影响因素[J].医学与社会,2020,33(10):65-68,74. DOI:10.13723/j.yxysh.2020.10.013.
[11] Cortes A, Hunt N, Mchale S.Development of the Scale of Perceived Social Support in HIV(PSS-HIV)[J].Aids Behav, 2014, 18(12):2274-2284.
[12] Maslow AH.A Theory of Human Motivation[J]. Psychological Review, 1943, 50:370.
[13] Ruzhen L, Chunmei Z, Yanhui L.Health Risk Assessment Indicators for the Left-behind Elderly in Rural China: A Delphi Study[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(1):340-351. DOI:10.3390/ijerph17010340.
[14] 王硕,解会军,井坤娟.养老机构老年人需求评估问卷的信效度[J].中国老年学杂志,2018,38(2):457-460. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2018.02.086.
[15] 袁宗梁,李梦华.农村留守老人的社会支持系统研究——以江苏省南京市M村为例[J].湖北农业科学, 2017,56(21):4199-4202,4211. DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.21.048.
[16] 伍琳,孙艳杰.德尔菲法简介及在护理学中的应用现状[J].护理研究,2015,29(29):3599-3601.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6493.2015.29.006.
[17] 宋慧娟,廖少娜,乔惠,等.护理人文关怀示范病区建设标准的构建[J].护理学报,2021,28(16):63-68. DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2021.16.063.
[18] 刘乐斌. 基于平衡计分卡的军队中心医院成本控制指标体系的构建及其应用研究[D].重庆:中国人民解放军陆军军医大学,2011.
[19] 周亚丽,张焕梅,刘小凡,等.构建支气管哮喘患者护理质量评价指标体系[J].护理学报,2021,28(15):63-68. DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2021.15.063.
[20] 罗如珍,解文君,刘玉典,等.成年急性白血病化疗患者健康教育效果评价指标体系的构建[J].中华护理杂志,2019,54(10):1482-1487. DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2019.10.007.
[21] 刘晓辉,赵庆华,肖明朝.护理院失能老年人长期照护服务质量评价指标体系的构建[J].中华护理杂志,2019,54(6):902-907. DOI:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2019.06.019.
[22] Diamond IR, Grant RC, Feldman BM, et al.Defining Consensus: A Systematic Review Recommends Methodologic Criteria for Reporting of Delphi Studies[J].J Clin Epidemiol, 2014, 67(4):401-409. DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.12.002.
[23] Jingjing P, Wen L, Lu H.Research on Evaluation Index System of Chinese City Safety Resilience Based on Delphi Method and Cloud Model[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019,16(20):3802-3818.DOI:10.3390/ijerph16203802.
[24] 徐忠,唐亚林.基于马斯洛理论的农村留守老人需求问题研究[J].云南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,11(6):59-65. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-390X(s).2017.06.011.
[25] Lee H Y, Kondo N, Oh J.Medical Expenditure and Unmet Need of the Pre-elderly and the Elderly According to Job Status in Korea: Are the Elderly Indeed Most Vulnerable?[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(3):e0193676.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0193676.
[26] 熊慧琦. 基于马斯洛需求理论的国家级贫困县留守老人的需求问题研究[J].当代经济,2019,19(9):148-151. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9378.2019.09.040.
[27] Andrade T, Andrade F.Unmet Need for Assistance with Activities of Daily Life among Older Adults in Brazil[J]. Rev Saude Publica, 2018, 52(1):75-84. DOI:10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000463.
[28] Jose JM, Luciana MJ, Domingo OB, et al.What Older Complex Chronic Patients Need to Know about Their Everyday Medication for Safe Drug Use[J]. Expert Opin Drug Saf, 2014, 13(6):713-721. DOI:10.1517/14740338.2014.916272.
[29] 唐踔. 构建以需求为导向的农村留守老人社会支持体系[J].中国老年学杂志,2016,36(8):2024-2027. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2016.08.112.
[30] Oliveira DC, Oliveira CM, Lina-costa MF, et al. Difficulty in Performing Activities of Daily Living and the Need for Help in Older Adults: Evidence on Social Distancing Models from the ELSI-COVID-19 Initiative[J]. Cad Saude Publica, 2020, 36(suppl 3):e00213520. DOI:10.1590/0102-311X00213520.
[31] Chen S, Zheng J, Chen C, et al.Unmet Needs of Activities of Daily Living among a Community-based Sample of Disabled Elderly People in Eastern China: A Cross-sectional Study[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2018, 18(1):160-171. DOI:10.1186/s12877-018-0856-6.
[32] Cjrusciel LP, Kulik T, Jakubowska K, et al.Differences in the Perception of Social Support among Rural Area Seniors-A Cross-Sectional Survey of Polish Population[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2018, 15(16):1288-1300. DOI:10.3390/ijerph15061288.
[1] ZHU Xiao, KUANG Zhi-hua. Mediating Effect of Achievement Motivation between Basic Psychological Needs and Meaning in Life among Medical and Nursing Students [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(5): 1-5.
[2] ZHANG Zhi-yue, DONG Ao, RAN Ming, ZHANG Guo-qin. Mediating Effect of Loneliness between Self-perceived Aging and Social Support in Elderly Chronically Ill Patients [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(4): 59-63.
[3] YANG Li-xiao, ZHOU Chun-lan, TU Yan, XIE Cui-hua, WU Yan-ni, YE Xiao-ling, WANG Run. Construction of Health Empowerment Need Assessment Scale for Elderly Patients with Chronic Disease and Its Reliability and Validity [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(3): 67-71.
[4] HU Hui-ju, GUO Xue-qi, TANG Qi-qun, CHENG Jie, LI Hui-yuan, LI Tian-tian. Mediating Effect of Cognition of Aging between Perceived Social Support and Inner Strength of the Elderly in Nursing Homes [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(3): 57-61.
[5] ZHOU Li-xue, JIANG Yun-xia, ZHOU Yun-ping, FENG Hong-yan, SUN Xue-xia, YU Peng-li. Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy between Social Support and Experiential Avoidance in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(3): 7-11.
[6] WU Li, CHEN Rong-feng, ZOU Zi-yu, TANG Hong-mei. Clinical Application of Question Prompt List in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(2): 45-50.
[7] WANG Zhang-yi, ZHAO Hao-mei, Ye Jian-ya, ZHANG Si-ai, WANG Yue, WANG Zhao, PANG Xiao-li. Status Quo of Spiritual Needs and Its Influence Factors in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A 321-case Study [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(1): 1-6.
[8] DING Cui-lu, LIU An-nuo, ZHU Gui-yue, ZHANG Meng, Ma Wen, LIU Min. Mediating Effect of Self-worth on Perceived Social Support and Meaning in Life among Nursing Undergraduates [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(6): 38-42.
[9] CHENG Zhong-sha, BAI Xiao-lin, XIE Gui-hua, ZHANG Yong-chun, YI Yi-le, WEI Qing, YANG Zeng-zhen. Construction of Decision Aids for Patients with Cardio Valve Replacement [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(24): 22-25.
[10] LIU Lian-rui, ZHOU Li-hua, QIAO Xiao-fei. Current Status of Posttraumatic Growth of Primary Liver Cancer Patients and Its Influence Factors [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(24): 6-11.
[11] SHAO Ke, JING Jin, FU Lan. Construction of Sensitivity Index System for Nursing Quality in Geriatric Stomatological Outpatient [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(22): 30-35.
[12] SONG Jing-yu, SHU Yao-ya, WANG Meng-meng, XU Tian-meng, YUE Peng. Experience of Spouse Caregivers in Caring for Patients in Terminal Stage: A Meta Integration [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(20): 30-38.
[13] LI Ming-shi, DENG Xiao-lan, GE Zhao-xia. Current Status of Grief of Primary Caregivers of Dementia Patients and Its Influence Factors: A 164-case Study [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(2): 52-57.
[14] YI Zi-han, LI Qian, ZHANG Hai-ru, YANG Liang-qin, CHEN Ming-qiu, JU Mei. Elder Self-Neglect among Elderly People Living Alone in Rural Areas and Its Influence Factors [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(18): 7-11.
[15] YAO Xi, XIA Meng-ting, HUANG Ran-ran, YANG Ying-rui. Effect of Information Perception on Mental Health of Ophthalmic Nurses [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(18): 66-69.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
[1] . [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2020, 27(22): 1 -3 .
[2] . [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(4): 57 -61 .
[3] ZHAI Jin-guo, CHEN Xiao-he, SHEN Jian, XIONG Yong-fang, MA Dong-mei, WANG Fang, HUANG Qun, TIAN Rui-hua, YU Gui-zhen, CHEN Gai-ting, LUO Bi-ru, ZHANG Hong-yu, YANG Ming-hui, JIANG Mei, XU Xin-fen. Construction of Expert Consensus on Outpatient Clinical Practice of Midwives[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(5): 62 -65 .
[4] LIU Jin, LU Na, ZHANG Feng-wa, NIU Xiao-dan, YUAN Rong-jing, LI Wen-yan, WANG Ye-tong, WANG Yan-hong. Influence Factors of Cancer Recurrence Fear in Breast Cancer Patients：A Meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(14): 1 -7 .
[5] FU A-dan, WANG Li, XU Li-wen, YANG Jing, ZHANG Xue-yu, ZENG Qian-jiao. Development and Practice of Chronic Refractory Ulcer Clinic with Doctor-nurse Collaboration[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(14): 8 -11 .
[6] . [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(14): 12 -16 .
[7] . [J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(14): 17 -21 .
[8] ZHANG Ying, WANG Xiao-ling, YANG Ting, YIN Zhuan-ye, HU Yan. Best Evidence Summary for Cuff Size Selection for Blood Pressure Measurement in Hospitalized Adult Patients[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(14): 22 -25 .
[9] LI Wei-tong, SONG Yu-lei, CHEN Yu-jing, XU Gui-hua. Comprehensive Ability Assessment Level of Elderly People in Old-age Care Institutions[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(15): 5 -9 .
[10] LI Guang-Qin, TANG Xiao-Li, SU Yu-Hua, HE Cai-Yun. Current Status of Career Success of Head Nurses in Tertiary Grade-A Hospital Its Influence Factors: A 220-case Study[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2021, 28(16): 27 -31 .