Based on the theory of system science,this paper puts forward a new concept of “growth mental model” and the new evaluation criteria about career success, establishes a theoretical model about the effects of managers’ growth mental model to the career success, and considers the influences between the two constructs mentioned above are achieved through mediating effect of career resilience. Based on the date of 796 managers, we justified the hypotheses with Structural Equation Modeling, and the results verified the mediating effect of career resilience. The research results demonstrated that: the growth mental model has significant positive impact on the “objective, subjective and process” managers’ career success; career resilience exerts fully the mediating effect between managers’ the thinking mode and subjective career success, and it also exerts the mediating effect between the various dimensions of managers’ growth mental model and each dimension of career success. Theses findings provide a new perspective for organization career management and how to obtain career success for managers.