Both the independent innovation in innovation by systematic integration and the renovation after the importing, absorbing and digesting of others' technologies are taken as innovation by systematic integration, in which knowledge and technologies now available are turned creatively and symmetrically into new products, technologies, service patterns or management styles, and whose novelty embodies symmetrically integrated ideas and manners. This innovation is characterized by low costs, savingtime, low risks and high flexibility. The limitation of knowledge conversion and creation by dichotomy was criticized. A newtype approach based the recursive knowledge integration on different levels of explicitness is also proposed.
王众托. 系统集成创新与知识的集成和生成[J]. J4, 2007, 4(5): 542-.
WANG Zhong-Tuo. The Innovation by Systematic Integration and the Integration and Creation of Knowledge. J4, 2007, 4(5): 542-.