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护理学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 60-64.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2023.21.060

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

性别对护士职业获益感与工作环境感知的影响研究

柳家贤1, 林晓如1, 夏志春2, 邹小芳3   

  1. 1.广州医科大学 护理学院,广东 广州51000;
    2.广州医科大学附属脑科医院 成人精神科,广东 广州510307;
    3.广州医科大学附属第三医院 护理部,广东 广州510150
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-23 出版日期:2023-11-10 发布日期:2023-12-07
  • 作者简介:柳家贤（1975-）,女,湖北谷城人,博士,副教授。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省教育规划课题（2021JKZJ057）

Comparative study on perceived professional benefits and working environment of male and female nurses

LIU Jia-xian1, LIN Xiao-ru1, XIA Zhi-chun2, ZOU Xiao-fang3   

  1. 1. School of Nursing, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China;
    2. Dept. of General Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510307, China;
    3. Dept. of Nursing Administration, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
  • Received:2023-04-23 Online:2023-11-10 Published:2023-12-07

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摘要： 目的 比较广东省14所二级和三级医院男护士与女护士的护理工作环境感知、职业获益感得分,以期为管理者针对性制定干预措施提供依据。方法 采用一般资料调查表,护士职业获益感量表和工作环境感知量表,方便抽取广东省14所医院的313名男护士和498名女护士进行调查。采用多重线性回归分析控制混杂因素后,分析性别对护士职业获益感和工作环境感知得分的影响。结果 男护士的职业获益感总分（129.91±18.70）分低于女护士总分（134.47±17.08）分,差异具有统计学意义（B=5.093,95%CI：2.018~8.168,P<0.001）;男护士自身成长、良好护患关系、亲友认同、正向职业感知、团队归属感各维度得分均低于女护士（P均<0.05）;男护士工作环境感知总分（80.51±14.79）低于女护士总分（84.42±13.05）分,差异具有统计学意义（B=5.357,95%CI：2.938~7.776,P<0.001）;男护士参与医院事务、高质量护理服务的基础、护理管理者的能力及领导方式、充足的人力和物力、医护合作各维度得分均低于女护士（均P<0.05）。结论 男护士职业获益感和工作环境感知总分和各维度得分均低于女护士,建议管理者应根据男护士特点建立培养和管理机制,积极了解其临床工作的困难和挑战,关心其职业发展,为其创造良好的职业环境,提升职业获益感。

关键词: 护士, 职业获益感, 工作环境, 性别

Abstract: Objective To compare the score of perceived professional benefits (PPB) and working environment of male and female nurses in 14 secondary and tertiary and hospitals in Guangdong Province, and to provide reference for managers to formulate targeted intervention measures. Methods A total of 313 male nurses and 498 female nurses from 14 hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected with convenient sampling and they were investigated by using general information questionnaire, the Nurses' Sense of Professional Benefit Scale and the Nurses' Sense of Working Environment Scale. After controlling for confounding factors, multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of gender on nurses' score of PPB and work environment. Results The overall score of PPB of male nurses 129.91±18.70 was lower than that of female nurses 134.47±17.08, and the difference was statistically significant (B=5.093, 95%CI: 2.018~8.168, P<0.001). Male nurses scored lower than their female counterparts in various dimensions, including personal growth, positive nurse-patient relationships, familial and peer recognition, positive occupational perception, and a sense of belonging to the team (all P<0.05). The overall score of working environment perception of male nurses 80.51±14.79 was lower than that of female nurses 84.42±13.05, showing statistical significance (B=5.357, 95%CI: 2.938~7.776, P<0.001). Male nurses also scored lower than female nurses in various dimensions, including their involvement in hospital affairs, the foundation of high-quality nursing services, the abilities and leadership styles of nursing managers, the availability of adequate manpower and resources, and medical-nursing cooperation (all P<0.05). Conclusion Male nurses have lower scores in terms of occupational benefit and work environment perception, as well as scores in all dimensions, compared to female nurses. It is recommended that managers establish training and management mechanisms based on the characteristics of male nurses, actively understand the difficulties and challenges of their clinical work, care about their career development, create a good professional environment for them, and enhance their sense of occupational benefit.

Key words: nurse, perceived professional benefits, working environment, sex

中图分类号: 

  • R47
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