精神分裂症患者精神残疾严重程度预测因素分析

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2019.16.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨精神分裂症患者精神残疾严重程度预测因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、世界卫生组织残疾评定量表第2版、心理弹性量表、社会支持量表、家庭功能量表、简易应对方式应对方式问卷、自尊量表、认知功能量表及服药依从性量表,对393例精神分裂症精神残疾患者进行问卷调查。采用独立样本t检验、Pearson相关分析及多元逐步回归分析进行数据的统计学处理。结果多元逐步回归分析显示：认知功能（β=-0.283）、社会支持（β=-0.251）及自尊（β=-0.226）是精神分裂症患者精神残疾严重程度的预测因素（P<0.001）。3个因素共解释残疾得分的28.2%的变异。结论社会支持、自尊及认知功能是精神分裂症患者精神残疾严重程度的预测因素。建议临床护理人员在药物治疗的基础上,为精神分裂症精神残疾患者提供针对性心理干预措施防止残疾加重,并通过认知训练、自我照护训练、社会技能训练等康复治疗计划以减轻患者残疾严重程度进而提高患者的生活质量,重新赋予其重返社会的能力。

关键词: 精神分裂症, 残疾, 严重程度, 预测因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the predictive factors of mental disability severity in patients with schizophrenia. Methods General information questionnaires, WHO Disability Rating Scale Ⅱ, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, Social Support Scale, Family APGAR, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Self-esteem Scale, Mini-mental State Evaluation and Morisky's Medication Adherence Questionnaire were used to investigate 393 mental disabled patients with schizophrenia. Statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that cognitive function (β=-0.283), social support (β=-0.251), and self-esteem (β=-0.226) were predictive factors of mental disability severity in patients with schizophrenia (P<0.001), which accounted for 28.2% of the variation in disability scores. Conclusion Social support, self-esteem, and cognitive function can predict the severity of disability in patients with schizophrenia. It is recommended that clinical nurses provide targeted psychological interventions for the prevention of aggravation of disability in patients with schizophrenia based on medication treatment, and reduce the severity of disability through rehabilitation training such as cognitive training, self-care training, and social skills training thus to improve the quality of life of patients and help them to be reintegrated with the society.

Key words: schizophrenia, disability, severity, predictive factor

中图分类号:

R473.74

刘东玮, 杨丽艳, 周郁秋. 精神分裂症患者精神残疾严重程度预测因素分析[J]. 护理学报, 2019, 26(16): 1-5.

LIU Dong-wei, YANG Li-yan, ZHOU Yu-qiu. Predictive Factors of Mental Disability Severity in Patients with Schizophrenia[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2019, 26(16): 1-5.

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