自主性感知在农村老年人死亡焦虑和自我养老能力间的中介作用

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.09.052

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨自主性感知在农村老年人死亡焦虑与自我养老能力间的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年7—9月选取湖南省桃江县、攸县、醴陵县3个县中5个乡村的老年人作为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、中文简版自主性感知量表、死亡焦虑量表、老年人自我养老能力量表对350名研究对象进行调查,构建并检验中介模型。结果本组农村老年人自主性感知总分为（58.12±7.89）分,死亡焦虑总分为（36.75±2.45）分,自我养老能力总分为（178.06±19.26）分。农村老年人自我养老能力总分与自主性感知总分呈正相关（r=0.740,P<0.001）,与死亡焦虑总分呈负相关（r=-0.308,P<0.001）,死亡焦虑总分与自主性感知总分呈负相关（r=-0.204,P<0.001）。自主性感知在农村老年人死亡焦虑与自我养老能力之间发挥部分中介作用,中介效应效应值为-0.120,效应占比为46.7%。结论本组农村老年人的死亡焦虑总分处于中等偏低水平,自主性感知总分处于中等水平,自我养老能力总分均处于较高水平,自主性感知在农村老年人死亡焦虑和自我养老能力之间起部分中介作用。建议医务工作者关注农村老年人对死亡的态度,增强其自主性感知,以提高自我养老能力。

关键词: 老年人, 农村, 自我养老能力, 死亡焦虑, 自主性感知, 中介作用

Abstract: Objective To explore the mediating effect of perception of autonomy between death anxiety and self-supporting ability of rural elderly people. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select the elderly from five villages in Taojiang County, Youxian County and Liling County in Hunan Province from July to September 2021 as the research object. A total of 350 subjects were investigated by using general information questionnaire, Simplified Chinese version of the PEA Scale, Death Anxiety Scale and Self-supporting Ability Questionnaire for Elderly People. The mediation model was constructed and verified. Results The total score of perception of autonomy, death anxiety and self-supporting ability of the rural elderly people was 58.12±7.89, 36.75±2.45 and 178.06±19.26 respectively. The total score of self-supporting ability was positively correlated with that of perception of autonomy (r=0.740, P<0.001),and negatively with that of death anxiety (r=-0.308, P<0.001).The total score of death anxiety was negatively correlated with that of perception of autonomy (r=-0.204, P<0.001). Perceived autonomy played a partial mediating role between death anxiety and self-supporting ability of the rural elderly people, with a mediating effect value of -0.120, accounting for 46.7% of the total. Conclusion In this study, the total score of death anxiety of the rural elderly is at a moderately low level, the total score of autonomy perception is at a medium level, and the total score of self-support ability is at a high level, and the perception of autonomy plays a partially mediating role between the self-supporting ability and death anxiety. It is suggested that medical workers pay attention to the attitude of rural elderly people towards death and enhance their perception of autonomy so as to improve their ability to support themselves.

Key words: the elderly, rural area, self-supporting ability, death anxiety, perception of autonomy, intermediary role

中图分类号:

夏青, 肖凤凤, 彭心雨, 游雅菲, 周婷格, 王冬华. 自主性感知在农村老年人死亡焦虑和自我养老能力间的中介作用[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(9): 52-57.

XIA Qing, XIAO Feng-feng, PENG Xin-yu, YOU Ya-fei, ZHOU Ting-ge, WANG Dong-hua. Mediating Effect of Perception of Autonomy between Death Anxiety and Self-supporting Ability of Rural Elderly People[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2022, 29(9): 52-57.

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