护理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (13): 24-28.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2021.13.024
预防性吞咽训练在头颈部肿瘤放化疗患者的应用进展
侯坤华1, 李芊芊2, 彭燕秋3, 杨雨晴4, 赵海平1
- 1.中国医科大学 护理学院,辽宁 沈阳 110013;
2.华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院 心脏大血管外科,湖北 武汉 430000;
3.中国医科大学附属第一医院 护理部,辽宁 沈阳 110000;
4.中国医科大学盛京医院 护理部,辽宁 沈阳 110000
摘要： 目的 综述预防性吞咽训练在头颈部肿瘤放化疗患者中的应用现状,为临床实践及未来研究提供参考依据。 方法 检索与阅读文献,从预防性吞咽训练的方法、方案、效果评价及存在问题等角度介绍应用现状,指出不足及展望。 结果 预防性吞咽训练对预防头颈部肿瘤患者放化疗后吞咽功能的下降、提高生活质量、改善营养等方面,有积极的作用;方式分为被动锻炼和主动锻炼,时机为化疗前或化疗时。普遍存在患者的依从性随着化疗期延长而降低,其锻炼效果也随之降低。 结论 临床开展预防性吞咽训练有效,且符合康复时机前移的最新理念。目前,对开始吞咽训练的时机、频率等开展方案还没有统一标准或者指南;国内缺乏对患者吞咽障碍训练指导的康复治疗师,尤其是语言治疗师;当前应重视相应健康教育,以提高患者锻炼依从性和效果。
中图分类号:
- R473.73
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