Abstract This study first analyzes various types of proximities and space dimensions, and discusses the theoretical underpinning of the multi-dimensional proximity research from the view of multifold embeddedness of knowledge flows. Then, based on the mutual effects of distinct proximities and multifold embeddeness theory, a context-based theoretical frame has been proposed by integrating spatial and non-spatial context factors. At last, several application of our theoretical frame, i.e. the compatibility of localized and none-spatial knowledge flows theory, the dynamical integration of relationship and structural perspectives as well as the location transfer of knowledge networks, have been discussed.
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