基于沪深A股先进制造业上市公司数据，考察国家制造业创新中心设立对关键核心技术突破的影响效应和作用机制。研究结果表明：国家制造业创新中心的实施显著推动了先进制造业企业关键核心技术创新，这一结论在多种稳健性检验下均成立。中介效应表明，创新要素配置效率、创新链协同以及算力基础设施建设在国家制造业创新中心影响先进制造业企业关键核心技术突破的过程中发挥了中介作用。异质性分析发现，政策效果在企业类型及城市能级中呈现显著分化，制造业创新中心在非国有企业、创新重视程度更高的企业，以及一线和新一线城市的条件下表现出更强的创新影响效应。

Based on the data of A-share listed advanced manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2014 to 2023, this study explores the impact effects and mechanism of the establishment of national manufacturing innovation centers on the breakthrough of key core technologies. The research findings are as follows: the implementation of national manufacturing innovation centers has significantly promoted the key core technological innovation of advanced manufacturing enterprises. This conclusion remains valid under various robustness tests. The mediating effect indicates that the efficiency of innovation factor allocation, innovation chain collaboration, and computing infrastructure construction serve as important mediating role in the process where national manufacturing innovation centers influence the breakthrough of key core technologies of advanced manufacturing enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the policy effect shows significant differentiation in terms of enterprise type and urban level. The manufacturing innovation centers exhibit stronger innovation impact effects in non-state-owned enterprises, enterprises with higher innovation emphasis, and first-tier and new first-tier cities.