以2013~2022年沪深A股民营企业为样本，基于创新要素视角，实证研究国有股权对民营企业双元创新绩效的影响及其作用机制。研究发现，国有股权显著促进了民营企业双元创新绩效的提升，且对突破式创新绩效的促进作用更大。机制分析表明，国有股权通过缓解融资约束、优化人才结构和推动技术合作来提升民营企业双元创新绩效。进一步分析表明，管理者短视削弱了国有股权对民营企业双元创新绩效的促进作用。异质性分析发现，国有股权的促进作用在处于竞争性行业、高成长性和数字化水平较高的民营企业中更加显著。

This study takes A-share private enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2013 to 2022 as the sample to empirically examine the impact of state-owned equity on the ambidextrous innovation performance of private enterprises and its mechanism from the perspective of innovation factors. The results show that state-owned equity significantly promotes the improvement of the ambidextrous innovation performance of private enterprises, and has a greater role in promoting the breakthrough innovation performance. The mechanism analysis shows that state-owned equity can enhance the ambidextrous innovation performance of private enterprises by alleviating financing constraints, optimizing talent structure, and promoting technical cooperation. Further analysis shows that managerial myopia weakens the promotional effect of state-owned equity on the ambidextrous innovation performance of private enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis further finds that the promotional effect of state-owned equity is more significant in private enterprises in competitive industries, with high growth potential, and with a high level of digitalization.