Abstract: Objective To explore the main factors related to the incidence of postpartum urinary retention(PUR) by meta analysis and to provide evidence for PUR prevention and control. Methods We retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Data- base (CBM), Wanfang Database, PubMed, Embase, BSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from the inception to June 2019 to collect studies on factors related to the incidence of PUR. A meta-analysis on the included literatures was performed by using RevMan 5.3. Results Totally 14 articles were included,involving 1,818 cases and 5,194 controls. Meta-analysis showed that risk factors of PUR were forceps delivery (OR=5.40,95%CI:4.48~6.52),manual rotation of fetal head (OR=5.12,95%CI:3.05~8.60), maternal presence of adverse emotions (OR=4.84,95%CI:3.84~6.10), laceration of perineum (OR=2.80,95%CI:1.25~4.24),episiotomy(OR=1.95,95%CI:1.23~3.09),prolonged labor (OR=1.68,95%CI:1.59~1.77), and peridural anesthesia (OR=1.48,95%CI:1.32~2.45),. There was no correlation with vacuum extractor of fetal head (OR=2.95,95%CI:0.85~10.23), primiparous (OR=1.33,95%CI:0.96~1.83), prepartum bladder catheterization (OR=1.10,95%CI:0.28~4.28). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias test indicated that there was no publication bias for case-control studies and the results of the meta-analysis were stable. Conclusion The occurrence of PUR are related to various risk factors, and factors with risk intensity ranging from high to low are forceps, hand rotation of fetal head, maternal adverse emotions, laceration of perineum, episiotomy, prolonged labor process, and labor analgesia.

Key words: postpartum urinary retention, risk factor, Meta-analysis