灾害响应过程中护士救援体验质性研究的Meta整合

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2019.03.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的系统评价灾害响应过程中护士救援体验。方法计算机检索PubMed、CINAHL、、Web of Science、PsycINFO（Ovid）、SAGE健康科学及护理、ProQuest健康与医学期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据、维普期刊资源整合数据库,纳入关于护士救灾体验的质性研究,检索时间均设定为各数据库建库至2017年10月。文献质量的评价采用“澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心（2008）质性研究质量评价标准”。采用汇集性整合的方式对结果进行综合并阐释。结果纳入15项研究进行Meta整合,提炼出64个主要研究结果,归纳为10个类别,综合形成4个整合结果:进入灾害救援现场前,对人员素质及物资准备;灾害救援工作强度大,针对性的培训及统筹管理工作尚存在不足;特殊情境下救援工作涉及的道德和法律问题需要引起关注;灾害救援中护士心理支持的给予和获得需建立在良好的心理培训基础上。结论护士在灾害救援中扮演着重要的角色,除了注重自身职业道德和伦理问题,还需提升自我应对突发事件的心理弹性。在管理层面上,医疗机构需要设置针对性的培训项目,涵盖护士的心理素质培养、契合灾害救援的情景式培训和相关伦理、法律信息的传递。此外,从国家和地方政府层面,需要协调和管理各方救援团队,保证救援工作部署的精细化、精准化。

关键词: 灾害, 护士, 救援体验, 质性研究, Meta整合

Abstract: Objective To systematically review the rescue experience of nurses in disaster response. Methods Databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO（Ovid）, SAGE, ProQuest, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang data and VIP were searched from the inception to October 2017. Qualitative studies of the rescue experience of nurses participating in disaster response were collected. JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies was used to evaluate the quality of each study and the results were integrated by Meta synthesis. Results Fifteen studies were included in Meta-integration, and 64 major findings were extracted, which were summarized into 10 categories. Finally, 4 integration results were formed: adequate qualified staff and materials, inadequate targeted training and co-ordination of management, more attention to moral and legal issues involved in the relief and good psychological training for nurses. Conclusion Nurses play an important role in disaster relief. In addition to more importance to their own professional ethics, they also need to enhance their resilience to emergencies. Targeted training programs that cover nurses' psychological quality training, situational training of disaster relief and related ethics and legal information are needed. Besides, there is a need to coordinate and manage the rescue teams so as to ensure the refinement and precision of rescue deployment.

Key words: disaster, nurse, relief experience, qualitative study, Meta synthesis

中图分类号:

R192.6

吴凡, 绳宇, 张玉筠, 朱玲玲, 李秀华. 灾害响应过程中护士救援体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2019, 26(3): 28-33.

WU Fan, SHENG Yu, ZHANG Yu-jun, ZHU Ling-ling, LIU Xiu-hua. Qualitative Study on Rescue Experience of Nurses in Disaster Response: A Meta Synthesis[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2019, 26(3): 28-33.

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