Based on the three levels of technology, organization, and environment, as well as seven conditions, such as artificial intelligence technology application, digital infrastructure construction, and digital strategy orientation, a research method combining fsQCA, NCA, and ANN was used to analyze the antecedent configuration leading to cross-border digital innovation of listed companies in China’s traditional manufacturing industry. The research finds that the formation process of cross-border digital innovation in traditional enterprises is not dominated by a single factor, but rather influenced by the synergistic effects of multidimensional factors such as technology, organization, and environment. Furthermore, there are four linkage paths for high cross-border digital innovation in traditional enterprises, the technology-driven path dominated by digital policies, the motivation-driven path propelled by digital competition, the organization-technology coupling-driven path in the absence of digital policies, and the element-synergistic path guided by digital policies and digital competition. Among the seven antecedent variables, the application of artificial intelligence technology and the competitive environment of digital innovation have the most significant impact on the high cross-border digital innovation of traditional enterprises.