This study firstly defines the connotation of the sustainable career ability of gig workers based on the definition of gig workers, the characteristics of gig work and the relevant literature on career sustainability. Secondly, based on the Job Demands-Resources model, this study sums up six structural dimensions of the sustainable career ability of gig workers, including self-leadership, identity flexibility, emotional regulation, digital networking, career-related continuous learning and self-branding, and then discusses the interrelationships among them in combination with the Selective Optimization with Compensation theory, and constructs an integrated model of the influencing mechanism of the sustainable career ability of gig workers. Finally, this study puts forward future research direction concerning the sustainable career ability of gig workers in terms of the conceptual framework, analysis of differences and dynamic evolution.