Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2022, the fixed effect model and mechanism test model were constructed to explore the impact and mechanism of producer services agglomeration on the efficiency of collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction. The results show that the agglomeration of producer services has an inverted U-shaped impact on the efficiency of collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction, which is currently mainly manifested as a promotion. The mechanism test found that producer services agglomeration can have a nonlinear impact on the efficiency of collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction through the impact of energy consumption structure and green innovation, in which strategic green innovation plays a greater role than substantive green innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that high-end producer services can steadily improve the efficiency of collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction in a longer term. At the same time, in the eastern region and regions with higher level of digital infrastructure, the agglomeration of producer services can play a more effective role in pollution and carbon reduction.