Unity and opposites between the intellectual property protection and scientific data sharing was analyzed. Were investigated some problems of the intellectual property protection and scientific data sharing, for example, the weak awareness of data sharing, the vague definition of property rights, the inappropriate distribution of benefits and the lack of macro-guidance for the protection and the data sharing and so on.  Some suggestions and measures are also proposed, including to establish the governmental guidance system, to complete the legal systems for data sharing, to definite the property right and the regulation for the property transaction clearly.