Abstract Understanding the mechanism of the e-commerce capability of agricultural products is critical for companies to bring into its potential and enhance economic benefits. Based on resource-based theory and from the perspective of organizational agility, this paper builds a model of the factors affecting firm performance in the context of e-business of agricultural products, and discusses the effect of e-business capability on firm performance. The empirical results show that management capability, talent capability and technology capability have different influences on market capitalizing agility and operation adjustment agility; both market capitalizing agility and operation adjustment agility have positive impacts on financial performance and non-financial performance respectively; and market capitalizing agility has a greater impact on financial performance than operation adjustment agility, while it has less impact on non-financial performance.
