The background and significance of coal resource propertyrights and product markets and supply security were analyzed.  The definition and, connotation of coal resource supply security were discussed.  A way to realize coal resource supply security is pointed out, that is, the coordination between coal resource propertyrights market and product market.  Some countermeasures are provided.  They are strengthening the construction of coal product market, impelling coal resource property rights market construction, building national coal resource strategic reserve system, instructing and controlling coal importexport and carrying out “going abroad” strategy, etc.