From a perspective of entrepreneurial cognition theory, the paper expands the foreign classical models of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance, empirically examines the relationships among organizational entrepreneurial climate, entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial performance through the data investigation. The paper finally draws the corresponding conclusions: i) organizational entrepreneurial climate takes the positive effect on entrepreneurial performance of new ventures while entrepreneurial orientation takes the positive effect on entrepreneurial performance; ii) entrepreneurial orientation has the mediating effect between organizational entrepreneurial climate and entrepreneurial performance.