The effects of energy consumption on the environment in china were explored.  Whole levels of the environment quality and public health in China from 1990 to 2005 were evaluated by factor analysis and the relationship between the both sides was studied empirically.    The results show that the environment quality and public health have similar undulate collaborative evolution trend.  The environment quality and its inscapes have oneway causal relationship to public health.  Proposed are some policy recommendations, including adjusting the energy structure, promoting the energy consumption structure trends to be "green", strengthen the health risk identification of energy consumption, entirely implementing the pollution comprehensive abatement and adopting marketable methods to promote energy consumption internalization of environmental costs, to improve our environment quality and public health.